Surprising Results on Wearing Headphones and Productivity

Surprising Results on Wearing Headphones and Productivity Headphones have become something of a necessity. Almost everyone carries a pair in their pocket or bag, and the devices have slowly inched their way into the work place.If you walk into most offices, there is a big chance that you will find a few employees sporting headphones over their ears as they work.This is especially common in offices with open plan layouts.A study of over 1000 employees and employers conducted by Cloud Cover Music found that more than half of employees regularly use headphones at work.The use of headphones at work has sparked a raging debate.One group believes that listening to music while working acts as a distraction, making employees less productive.Some companies even have an official policy against wearing headphones at work.The other group â€" people who like working while wearing headphones â€" on the other hand, believe that headphones actually make them more productive.Which of the two groups is right?Let’s take a look at the effect of wearing headp hones on productivity to find out.NOISE AND DISTRACTIONS IN THE WORKPLACEThere are several factors that contribute to people being unproductive at work.Some of these â€" such as social media use and mobile devices â€" are self-inflicted, while others are caused by the environment around your work zone.For instance, if your office building is located near a busy highway, the constant noise from passing traffic can be a huge distraction.If you are a freelancer working from home, noise from your neighbor’s music system or kids laughing outside your door can make it impossible for you to concentrate on your work.Sometimes, the distraction might even come from your co-workers.Actually, co-workers are one of the biggest sources of distraction.Very often, your co-workers will interrupt your concentration to share a joke or tell stories unrelated to work.This is especially common in offices with an open plan layout.Headphones provide an easy and effective way of keeping away such distract ions.With headphones covering your ears and some soft music playing, you are unlikely to hear the noise from traffic or the kids laughing outside your door, thereby increasing your concentration.If you are in the office, wearing headphones is as effective as sticking a “DO NOT DISTURB” note on your forehead.Your co-workers are less likely to interrupt you when have headphones over your ears.And if they do try, you are unlikely to hear them anyway.So effective is this at keeping interruptions away that some people wear headphones without necessarily listening to any music.HOW THE OPEN-PLAN OFFICE BROUGHT HEADPHONES TO THE WORKPLACEThe idea behind the open plan office layout is to foster creativity and collaboration between workers.In an open plan office layout, there is no privacy.All employees sit in the same open space and can easily talk to each other.The idea is that this will create a fertile ground for spontaneous brainstorming, leading to the flowering of innovative ideas. While the open plan layout does contribute to collaboration and creativity, it can be a productivity killer for jobs that require deep work (intense, unbroken concentration on the task at hand).To avoid being constantly being interrupted from their work by their colleagues, many people working in open plan office layouts started wearing headphones as a signal that they were busy and therefore should not be disturbed.BENEFITS OF WEARING HEADPHONES AT WORKSome of the advantages of wearing headphones at work include:Tuning Out ColleaguesDistractions are the greatest factor that keeps employees from doing their jobs, and ironically, the greatest source of distractions is other employees.Every office has a chatty employee who is constantly looking for opportunities to talk to other employees instead of engaging in his or her work.When you have some work to get done, you will obviously need to shut out such colleagues so that you can give 100% concentration to your work. Headphones are pe rfect for tuning out such colleagues.With headphones over your ears, your colleagues will be less tempted to come to you with gossip, complaints, or other conversations which only waste time.According to the study by Cloud Cover Music, 46% of the participants reported that they have used headphones as a way of avoiding conversations with colleagues so that they can concentrate on their work.In his book Deep Work, Caltech professor Cal Newport talks about the necessity of eliminating all distractions and immersing yourself deeply into cognitively difficult tasks.Cal Newport says that in the modern world with its constant distractions, the ability to engage in deep work on a daily basis is akin to a super power, one of the most valuable skills in this century.In a typical open-plan office, it is next to impossible to carve out time for deep work. Cal Newport explains that deep work only happens when you work for an extended period without interruptions.Interruptions steal your focus. By the time you get back in the groove, you realize you have lost a lot of precious time.Examples of jobs that require deep introspection and long hours of concentration to come up with creative solutions include jobs such as coding and writing.For people working in such jobs, headphones are a universally recognized code for “I am busy. Talk later.”Some people don’t even listen to any music.All they do is put on the headphones and concentrate on their work. When you have headphones on, people will only call for your attention if they have something urgent and important to tell you.The use of headphones as a way of avoiding conversations with coworkers differs from industry to industry.Employees working in the technology, transportation, marketing and advertising and scientific industries are more likely to use headphones to tune out coworkers, as well as people working in warehousing and government and public administration.Aside from tuning out chatty colleagues, headphones a re also good for canceling outside noises that might be distracting you, such as noise from traffic or a colleague who is on phone.According to the survey by Cloud Cover Music, about 30% of employees regularly use headphones primarily for blocking outside noise.Enhanced Mood And Increased CreativityAccording to University of Miami associate professor of music education and music therapy Teresa Lesiuk, there is a strong link between listening to music you like and good moods.According to Lesiuk, when you listen to music you like leads to mild positive moods.Being in such mood states allows you to take in more options, which can in turn increase your creativity.Nice music also activates your brain’s pleasure centers, which in turn stimulates your thinking areas and leads to improved creative problem solving capabilities.Gets You in the ZoneThe Zone is a term that is mostly used when referring to athletes. When Kobe or James Harden is having a good day out on the court, we say he was in the zone.It’s not just athletes who have access to this state of mind, though.Anyone who is skillful at a particular task can find themselves drifting off into the zone and working at an elite level that feels as if they have some superhuman powers.When you are in the zone, it seems like you can do no mistakes. Everything you do goes right.If you are writing a report or an article, insights and the perfect words drop into your head seemingly from thin air, with practically no gap between the idea forming in your head and your fingers typing it down.When you are in the zone, it feels is as if your body and your mind have become one, and there is absolutely no space between ideation and execution, no doubts, no hesitation, just perfect clarity and courage.You lose sense of space and time and become fully immersed in whatever you are doing. You also experience a high, a heightened pleasure.Believe it or not, being in the zone is a psychologically proven state of mind. The psychol ogist CsíkszentmihályiMihály was the first to conduct detailed study into this highly focused mental state, which he named “flow”.The professional definition of flow is a mental state of operation which enables a person to be fully immersed in an activity, experiencing a feeling of energized focus, total involvement, and taking enjoyment in the process of the activity.You might be wondering about the connection between being in the zone and headphones.In order to get into this highly focused mental state, you first need a deep concentration on whatever task you are working on.However, it is next to impossible to achieve such levels of concentration in a noisy, disruptive environment.Some people use headphones to block these external distractions and deeply concentrate on their work, which in turn allows them to get into the zone and become super-productive.Increased ProductivityHaving music playing in your ears can boost on your productivity, especially when you listen to mus ic that has no lyrics.Classical music is a good example.Music that only consists of instruments is great because lyrics tend to distract you.The only time music that has lyrics can help boost your productivity is if you listen to the same playlist over and over again when you are working until it becomes so repetitive that it recedes in the background.Listening to music as your work is motivating and puts you in the mood to be active, which in turn pushes you to put more effort into your work.Of course, this will depend on the type of music you are listening to.Certain types of music might also make you meditative, and are useful when you are doing cognition-heavy tasks.When listening to music with the aim of boosting your productivity, the music should not be new or strange to your ear.It should be something that is highly familiar to you, which is why we advise listening to the same playlist over and over.The music recedes into the background and unobtrusively motivates you, drive s you, helps you immerse deeply into your work with zero distractions even when your environment is noisy.Music Makes Some Tasks BearableWhile most jobs today require a lot of concentration, there are still jobs that require one to perform relatively mundane tasks that don’t require much thought or focus.For instance, someone doing data entry does not require intense concentration on their work.When doing such tasks, your mind can easily wander.After 20 minutes, you realize that you have been daydreaming and haven’t done anything.Donning your headphones and playing some music can help make such tasks more enjoyable and bearable, allowing you to finish the work faster.TYPES OF MUSIC THAT BOOST PRODUCTIVITY As I have mentioned, not all types of music are appropriate for productivity.Various studies have shown that some types of music can be more beneficial in encouraging creativity, blocking out background distractions, and relieving feelings of stress to help you concentrate bett er compared to others.The following six types of music will help give your productivity a boost:Classical MusicA research conducted by J. S. Jenkins found that classical music can help people become more efficient at performing tasks. This theory is referred to as “the Mozart Effect”.According to the theory, when you listen to classical music compositions, your brain activity is enhanced, which can in turn be a catalyst for improving your productivity.Several other studies have confirmed that listening to classical composers like Beethoven and Mozart enhances your ability to manipulate shapes and solve spatial puzzles.Furthermore, classical music typically consists of instruments only and no lyrics.Lyrics are distracting. Certain compositions also help students concentrate on their studies longer and retain more information. Baroque music, a form of classical music, has also been shown to help increase the mood and concentration of radiologists in their work.Nature MusicImagine the sound of waves crashing on rocks by the sea shore or a trickling, babbling brook rushing down a mountain side. The sounds of nature are soothing and meditative.Listening to them puts you in a calm, relaxed state of mind. They enable you to focus on your tasks. On the other hand, jarring nature noises such as animal noises and bird calls can be distracting.Research done at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has shown that natural sounds help boost your mood and focus.According to the study, people are more productive and have more positive feelings when nature sounds are playing in the background as they work.This explains why writers and painters are historically known for retreating to the countryside or the beach or a wood cabin to immerse themselves in their work.You can download nature music on internet sites such as YouTube and try it out when you are working.One of the benefits of nature music is that the sounds of nature mask the harsh, distracting noises like people ar ound you chatting or typing, without themselves distracting you.Therefore, listening to nature sounds as you work can help improve your productivity and enhance your cognitive abilities.Cinematic MusicFilm scores are also brilliant music to listen to while working.Think about the trailers of adventure, action, or epic movies, such as The Lord of the Rings score.Many of these cinematic music tracks are inspiring and have an epic sound to them.They are grandiose and magnificent. Imagine listening to that when working.Even when performing the most mundane tasks, the grandeur of the music makes you feel as though you are involved in something that will change the world.Cinematic music helps motivate you. It lifts your spirits and brightens you mood.If you have been working for long hours and your ardor is flagging, playing an inspiring cinematic music track on your headphones will heighten your focus and motivation, and put you back in the game.Video Game MusicThis might sound like an o dd suggestion, but video game music is actually a great focus tool.You see, every element in a video game is designed to create an immersive gaming experience that hijacks all your senses.Video game music is designed to help a gamer focus on the game without getting distracted by the external environment.It does not contain any lyrics or human voices to distract you. It is fast-paced, so it puts you in a mood to be active and relentless at your tasks.Consider that video games consist of puzzles and simulated, intense, stressful challenges. In spite of all these, gamers are able to enter a state of hyper-focus and perform at a heightened state of mind.Video game companies invest resources to develop the ideal music that can help you focus on a task for hours.Video game music can, therefore, come in handy even in a regular workplace to help an employee focus on work and boost productivity.HEADPHONES ARE NOT GOOD IN ALL KINDS OF JOBSWhile wearing headphones will help boost productivity in some jobs, this does not mean that wearing headphones is good in all types of jobs.In some jobs, it is advisable to avoid using headphones while working.These types of jobs include:Intrapersonal JobsThese are jobs that rely on interactions with other people.A good example of intrapersonal jobs include customer service and sales.When you work in such jobs that requires you to be on constant interactions with other people, your attention should be on these other people, not on your own thoughts.For instance, as a customer service rep, you should be attentive to your environment, listen to customers, and anticipate the need of customers before they voice them.The same is true of secretaries who should at all times be attentive to the office environment, be alert to receive phone calls, and anticipate their boss’s needs.For people in such jobs, always having their headphones on will hinder their interactions with other people, which in turn interferes with their ability to do thei r jobs satisfactorily.Physically Risky JobsMost office jobs are not physically involving, therefore there is little risk of physical danger resulting from lack of awareness of your immediate environment.Other jobs, however, are more physically involving and come with a certain level of physical risk.A good example of a physically risky job is any job that involves the use of machinery.For instance, anyone who works in a factory is at a high risk of injury, should anything unexpected happen.The same is true of jobs that involve working with chemicals.Physically risky jobs require workers to be highly alert to their environment at every moment.In such jobs, wearing headphones presents a risk instead of boosting productivity.For instance, if a fire broke out at a factory, which is highly likely, a worker wearing headphones might miss the fire alarm, thereby putting his life in danger.Similarly, someone wearing headphones in a warehouse might not be alert to an oncoming forklift, thus p utting himself at risk of injury.Another good example of a physically risky job is driving.A driver or someone riding a motorbike would put their life at risk if they put on headphones when they are on the road.Such a person should always remain alert and aware of what is happening on the road.WRAPPING UPUltimately, the debate on whether headphones should be worn at work or not boils down to personal choice.Some people find that they are more productive when they have their headphones on, while others will find listening to music while working to be disruptive.The kind of music to listen to when working will also vary from person to person.Some people will be more productive when listening to soft rock music, while others might will prefer hip hop, and yet others will prefer classical music.If you feel that your work environment is full of distractions and chatty colleagues that you would like to avoid, donning earphones can be a good way of doing this.Even if you don’t find liste ning to music to be a boost to your productivity, you can still cancel outside noises and stop colleagues from disturbing you by wearing headphones without any music playing.However, if you work in any job that requires constant alertness and awareness of your environment, you should avoid wearing headphones at work.

The Punishment Should Be Legal Punishment - 1252 Words

There are several rights that each person in the world have. These rights are not a gifts from anybody, but they are inherent rights that people obtain as a human being, such as the right to life and the right of liberty..etc. These fundamental rights are protected by the law and the state of the country in order to maintain the society system. People usually express these rights without limitation or control, unless exercise these rights encroached on others rights or breached the rules that the government has set. As a result from such breaches and unlawful acts, sometimes persons liberty can be taken away as punishment. Since the emergence of penalty institutions, there have been arisen debate about prisons regime and prisoners†¦show more content†¦This decision is seems to be an obvious breach for prisoners right as a human and break the European Convention of Human Rights which Great Britain is member in it. This essay will discuss the supporters and opponents opinion s about this deprivation from voting and include some political side and reasons for that act. In order to achieve addressing the question, this essay will present the purpose of the imprisonment, and then will move to present the origin of prisoners right, as well as this coursework will identify some prisoners rights under ECHR and report some breaches for these right. The last part of the essay will discuss deeply prisoners voting in the UK. - the emergence of prison as a punishment and its aims. In the medieval ages, the main objective of penalty was retaliation and people were reprise from the offenders individually. After that, the sanction developed from individual revenge to collective retribution which was executed under the supervision of the controlled groups and wrongdoers were penalized physically. Before the end 18th century, deprivation from liberty and imprison offenders was not known as a punishment, but it was place for housing perpetrators who sentenced with corporal punishment until the time of punishment implementation, or to harbour who committed crimes till their trial. As well as sometimes the use of prison was for political purposes where it was detention camps for those who were a serious threat to the governor and

Philosophy And Philosophy Of Teaching - 942 Words

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Why Go to College Free Essays

Why did you choose to come to college? Education is the most important part of one’s life. Not everyone goes to college right after high school. College is not intended for everyone. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Go to College or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, some people decide to work right after high school. College is expensive and some may even say it is hard. However, college is not a bad thing it has some good qualities. For instance, it can be a time where students can venture out and meet new people. Like others, I, too have some reason why I choose to go to college. Such as, to better myself, higher paying jobs and get away from home. First, after high school may people do not consider going to college for whatever reasons one might have. Not going to college was not an option for me. However, my parents never went to college, and watching my mom struggle to make ends meet I just knew that I did not want that to be me. Therefore, I do not want to live my life, paycheck to paycheck, and worrying about weather or not I am going to have enough money to pay to keep a roof over my head. The reason for going to college is that I wanted to have a better life. Not everyone can go to college to better themselves, but I am lucky, and truly blessed that I am getting a opportunity to better myself. In fact, college is extremely important to me. I am the first one in my immediate family to go to college so it is a big deal to everyone that I not just go but to also graduate. Next, going to college not only helps me better my life but gives me more job opportunity. More and more jobs require more than a high school education. A person with a bachelor’s degree will earn, on average, almost twice as much as workers with a high school diploma. Master’s degree earn $31,900 more per year than a high school graduate. Furthermore, people who go to a two year college earns $250,000 more than someone who does not. More importantly, a college education can help you discover new areas of knowledge, consider life long goals and make wiser decisions. Getting a college education is an investment that is going to be with me for life. How to cite Why Go to College, Papers

Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Essay Example For Students

Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Essay Nuclear WasteAlthough the government believes that Nevada is an ideal place for nuclear waste storage, it is simply overlooking the obvious implications that would threaten both the environment and the people of the land. Yucca was suggested to be a waste repository along with several other areas some years ago. This facility located at Yucca Mountain would house some of mans most dangerous elements, like plutonium. As with the Native Americans political power played a key role in the theft of their land. Nevada, having the least amount of political power has been exposed to the same issue Native Americans faced years and years ago. There was said to be a handful of proposed nuclear waste sites that were supposed to be individually examined for pros and cons, but after a laconic effort to examine each site some how all proposed sites were decided to be dropped from the list of potential nuclear waste sites except for Nevadas Yucca Mountain. It is also important to point out that the only two potential sites for nuclear waste are on or near Indian lands. These facts show an unjust system of decision made by the Department of Energy. The Yucca Mountain region is one of the least populated regions of the United States and without strong political efforts made it will eventually become a permanent nuclear waste village that all Nevadas population will have to deal with and quite very possible be harmed by. We will write a custom essay on Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One of the most prominent problems with nuclear waste is the lethal factor it poses to mankind. To properly understand the scope of the problem it is necessary to take into account the detrimental health effects of these materials (Kuletz 84). The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that as little as 10 millionths of a curie of plutonium if inhaled can cause cancer in an average human being. But even with these alarming statistics, officials are still willing to take the health risks of storing the waste in a permanent storage facility at Yucca Mountain that in the long run could result in millions of citizens being diagnosed with cancer. If they do end up storing nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain in the end, the only victims will be the citizens of the United States. Even with conclusive studies that are deemed un-conclusive by high paid scientists, the government insists on killing its own people with mass production of nuclear waste pouring out nuclear plants everyday. Studies revea l these elements kill, yet the DOE or Department of Energy changes science to fit into their master plan. In the grants Uranium Belt region, a major source of uranium mining, over a hundred cases were reported of cancer and birth defects that directly relate to the nuclear materials such as uranium. Not only is nuclear substance extremely lethal to mankind, but the area of Yucca Mountain is said to have a incredible aquifer beneath its desolated surface. If the nuclear waste were to ever make its way into the vast water channels located within the aquifer there would be complete devastation. At some specific spots on the nuclear landscape underground streams emerge from below and reveal the extensive underground water source in the Yucca Mountain are. It is noted in Kuletzs book on the numerous interviews she had with Native Americans in the Yucca Mountain region that a lot of them complained from thyroid cancer. Also many deaths have occurred in their families that they accredit to the tests and nuclear waste. One must not only examine the effects that nuclear waste has Nevadas water supply, but the adverse health effects when nuclear waste enters into our ecosystem and indirectly into our food chain. As Kuletz points out, Scientists dont really know how the water will flow through this environment thousands of years from now, how gases will move through it along pneumatic pathways, and most importantly how stable the earth will be (Kuletz 278). With the notion of a deep geological permanent waste storage facility it is difficult not to imagine the effects seismic activity could have on a such a (death barrel) located deep in the ground. In a world were weathermen have difficulty predicting what the weather

Managing Multiple Authors Or Blogs With Tools That Dont Integrate - CoSchedule Blog

Managing Multiple Authors Or Blogs With Tools That Dont Integrate Blog Being an editor or managing a team blog means you have to come up with some kind of system to make it work.  It doesnt matter how many blogs and authors and social media accounts there are. The problem of getting it to all work together has to be solved. So, you solve it as best you can. How do you solve the problem of managing multiple blogs or authors? Most of the solutions weve been hearing about are a bit ad hoc, and use different flavors of the following: Project management systems (e.g. Basecamp) Spreadsheets Cloud notes (e.g. Evernote) Email Calendars (e.g. Google) Were no stranger to this kind of setup ourselves.  Our system of managing multiple blogs and authors has a level of complexity that can be frustrating. The main issue is that while each of those listed components, on their own, are great tools, they dont work together. Used together, they are a solution that creates its own problem. They were meant to be for project management or for note-taking or sending messages or for some other specific purpose, but they were never meant to help you completely manage your team blog. Individual components dont make a whole, unfortunately. Project management systems seem very close to a solution, and thats why so many of you have told us how you try to make them work. They dont, however, have a necessary integration with your WordPress blog and social media accounts, so any data will have to be manually entered before it can be managed. Thats yet another time-consuming step, and another system to manage. Cloud  note-taking  services seem like a good place to brainstorm and jot down ideas, but if they arent shared with the whole team, its easy to forget whats in there. If youre not a careful organizer, its easy to end up with giant notes that serve as idea dumping grounds that are difficult to sift through. Your notes arent specifically connected with a WordPress blog post. Yep. Yet another system to manage. Spreadsheets are also a common tool used to keep data organized, but that data, once organized, doesnt do anything unless you actively revisit and push it around. And yes, again, no direct connection to the actual content in WordPress, so you now have spreadsheets to manage on top of everything else. Email allows you to communicate and share versions of drafts and documents, but the threads can get extremely confusing, especially if you have a large team. Its easy to miss a message in an active thread with people replying to everyone simultaneously. And unfortunately, youll need to manually pull tasks or data out of these email messages. Calendars are often read-only, unless in project management apps. A read-only calendar is great for getting an understanding of whats happening, but making quick changes based on that understanding wont be available. Team members are more likely to make necessary adjustments if it isnt a hassle, and a read-only calendar wont fit that bill. Through sheer force of will, you make these tools work. You become fairly quick and adept at using them, and think that they work. You get used to them, and actually prefer them even if a better option were available.

Understanding What Zai Na Li Means in English

Understanding What Zai Na Li Means in English The Mandarin question word for where† is Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡, written in the traditional form, or Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å', written in simplified form. The pinyin is zi nÇŽ li. This term is particularly useful to know if you are traveling in China and want to learn or ask about new locations to explore.   Characters The term for where is made up of three characters: Ã¥Å" ¨ (zi)  which means located at, and the two characters å“ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / å“ ªÃ©â€¡Å' (nÇŽ li) which put together means where. Combined, Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å' (zi nÇŽ li) literally means, â€Å"Where is it located?† The term å“ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / å“ ªÃ©â€¡Å'  (nÇŽ li) is sometimes used by itself as a single-word question. Pronunciation With regards to tone marks, Ã¥Å" ¨ (zi) is in the 4th tone and å“ ª (nÇŽ) is in the 3rd tone. è £ ¡ / é‡Å' is usually pronounced in the 3rd tone (lÇ ) but when used as a question word for where it takes on an unaccented  neutral tone (li). Thus, in terms of tones, Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å' can also be referred to as zai na li. Examples WÇ’ de shÃ… « zi nÇŽ li?我的æ› ¸Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡? (traditional form)我的ä ¹ ¦Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'? (simplified form)Where is my book? WÇ’ men zi nÇŽ li jin?我們åÅ" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡Ã¨ ¦â€¹?我ä » ¬Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'è § ?Where are we going to meet? Yà ºnnn shÄ›ng zi nÇŽ li?é› ²Ã¥ â€"çÅ" Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡Ã¤ ºâ€˜Ã¥ â€"çÅ" Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'?Where is Yunnan province? ShnghÇŽi zi nÇŽ li?ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ ·Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡?ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ ·Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'Where is Shanghai? NÇ  yo qà ¹ nÇŽlÇ  lÇšxà ­ng?ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡Ã¦â€"…è ¡Å'ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'æâ€"…è ¡Å'Where do you want to travel?